With the increasing deployment of services such as VPLS and BGP/MPLS VPNs, traditional IP troubleshooting tools are proving both inefficient and insufficient. Service providers require OA&M tools that can accurately verify and troubleshoot each individual service, end-to-end. This session will examine the operational requirements for service-level OA&M and some of the emerging protocols and tools that enable verification of both control plane and data plane integrity in MPLS VPNs. Discussion will focus on functions such as connectivity verification and service verification using concepts such as 'service ping' and 'service traceroute'. It will also examine the applicability of these functions to both Layer-2 and Layer-3 MPLS VPNs.